El Enfoque Narrativo de Políticas Públicas
Resumen
El objetivo de esta publicación es presentar el Enfoque Narrativo de Políticas Públicas (ENPP), exponiendo los elementos teóricos, conceptuales y metodológicos que lo caracterizan en su nivel actual de desarrollo, así como sus posibilidades de desarrollo a futuro. El ENPP es uno de los más recientes enfoques teóricos para la investigación del proceso de políticas públicas, y sitúa a las narrativas en el centro de sus preocupaciones analíticas y empíricas. A través del estudio de las narrativas de políticas públicas, el ENPP abre la posibilidad de conocer diferentes realidades construidas que le dan sentido a la vida de los individuos, los grupos y las sociedades de las que forman parte. A su vez, aporta herramientas teóricas que buscan enriquecer el análisis de las políticas públicas, así como algunos conceptos que se orientan hacia la aplicación práctica, y están dirigidos principalmente a encontrar posibles soluciones a los problemas de políticas públicas.
Citas
Abell, P. (2004). Narrative Explanation: An Alternative to Variable Centered Explanation? Annual Review of Sociology, 30, 287–310.
Aristóteles. (1988). Política. Gredos. http://www.bcnbib.gov.ar/uploads/ARISTOTELES,%20Politica%20(Gredos).pdf
Baumgartner, F., y Jones, B. (1993). Agendas and Instability in American Politics. University of Chicago Press.
Berinksy, A. J., y Kinder, D. (2006). Making Sense of Issues Through Media Frames: Understanding the Kosovo Crisis. Journal of Politics, 68(3), 640–656.
Boerma, L. (12 de Julio de 2012). Obama Reflects on His Biggest Mistake as President. CBS News.
Boscarino, J. E. (2009). Surfing for Problems: Advocacy Group Strategy in U.S.Forestry Policy. Policy Studies Journal, 37(3), 415–434.
Bruner, J. (1991). The Narrative Construction of Reality. Critical Inquiry, 18(1), 1–21. Clemons, Randall S., y McBeth. M. K. (2001). Public Policy Praxis: Theory and Pragmatism: A Case Approach. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Clemons, R. S., McBeth, M. K. y Kusko, E. (2012). Understanding the Role of Policy Narratives and the Public Policy Arena: Obesity as a Lesson in Public Policy Development. World Medical and Health Policy, 4(2), 1–26.
Cohen, M. D., March, J.G. y Olsen, J. P. (1972). A Garbage Can Model of Organizational Choice. Administrative Science Quarterly, 17(1), 1–25.
Crow, D. (2012). The Narrative Policy Framework: Broadening the Framework for Increased Relevance. Ponencia presentada en el encuentro de la Midwest Political Science Association, Chicago.
Crow, D., y Baysha, O. (2013). Conservation as a Catalyst for Conflict: Considering Stakeholder Understanding in Policy Making. Review of Policy Research, 30(3), 302–320.
Delahais, T., y Toulemonde, J. (2012). Applying Contribution Analysis: Lessons from Five Years of Practice. Evaluation, 18(3), 281–293.
Druckman, J. N., y Lupia, A. (2000). Preference Formation. Annual Review of Political Science, 3, 1–24.
Dudley, G. (2000). New Theories and Policy Process Discontinuities. Symposium: Theories of the Policy Process. Journal of European Public Policy, 7, 122–126.
Dudley, G., Parsons, W., Radaelli, C. y Sabatier, P. (2000). Symposium: Theories of the Policy Process. Journal of European Public Policy, 7(1), 122–140.
Escalas, J. E. (2004). Imaging Yourself in the Product: Mental Simulation, Narrative Transportation, and Persuasion. Journal of Advertising, 33 (2), 37–48.
Estévez, A. M. y Esper, S. (2008). El enfoque de las coaliciones defensoras en políticas públicas. Revista IR del Instituto AFIP, (4), 52–65.
Fischer, F. (2003). Reframing Public Policy: Discursive Politics and Deliberative Practices. Oxford University Press.
Flottum, K. y Øyvind, G. (2013). Arguing for Climate Change Policy Through the Linguistic Construction of Narrative and Voices: The Case of the South African Green Paper «National Climate Change Response». Climatic Change, 118(2), 417–430.
Gray, G., y Jones. M. D. (2013). Constructing Campaign Finance Policy Realities: Elite Stories of Expression and Equality (Ponencia). International Conference on Public Policy, Grenoble, Francia.
Gupta, K., Ripberger, J.T. y Collins, S. (2012). The Strategic Use of Policy Narratives: Jaitapur and the Politics of Siting a Nuclear Power Plant in India (Ponencia). Midwest Political Science Association, Chicago.
Hajer, M. A. (1993). Discourse Coalitions and the Institutionalization of Practice: The Case of Acid Rain in Britain. The Argumentative Turn in Policy Analysis and Planning. Fischer, F. y Forester, J. (eds.), 43–76. Duke University Press.
Heikkila, T., y Gerlak. A. K. (2013). Building a Conceptual Approach to Collective Learning: Lessons for Public Policy Scholars. Policy Studies Journal, 41(3), 484–512.
Herman, D. (2002). Story Logic: Problems and Possibilities of Narrative. University of Nebraska Press.
Herman, D., ed. 2003a. Narrative Theory and the Cognitive Sciences. CSLI Publications.
Herman, D. 2003b. Stories as a Tool for Thinking. Narrative Theory and the Cognitive Sciences, 163–192. CSLI Publications.
Hinyard, L. J., y Kreuter, M. W. (2007). Using Narrative Communication as a Tool for Health Behavior Change: A Conceptual, Theoretical, and Empirical Overview. Health Education and Behavior, 34, 777-792.
Husmann, M. A. (2013). Obesity: The Elephant in the Room or Why Words and Stories Matter (Tesis de maestría). Universidad Estatal de Idaho.
Ingram, H., Schneider, A. L. y De Leon, P. (2007). Social Construction and Policy Design. Theories of the Policy Process, Sabatier, P. A. (ed.), 2da ed. Westview Press.
Jenkins-Smith, Hank C., y Sabatier, P. A. (1993). The Dynamics of Policy-Oriented Learning. Policy Change and Learning: An Advocacy Coalition Approach, Sabatier, P. A. y Jenkins-Smith, H. C. (eds.), 41–56. Westview Press.
Jenkins-Smith, H. C., St. Clair, G. K., y Woods, B. (1991). Explaining Change in Policy Subsystems: Analysis of Coalition Stability and Defection over Time. American Journal of Political Science, 35(4), 851–880.
Yongjoo, J. y Haider-Markel, D. (2001). Tracing Issue Definition and Policy Change: An Analysis of Disability Issue Images and Policy Response. Policy Studies Journal, 29(2), 215–231.
Jones, B. D. (2001). Politics and the Architecture of Choice: Bounded Rationality and Governance. University of Chicago Press.
Jones, B. D., y Baumgartner, F. R. (2012). From There to Here: Punctuated Equilibrium to the General Punctuation Thesis to a Theory of Government Information Processing. Policy Studies Journal, 40(1), 1–19.
Jones, M. D. (2010). Heroes and Villains: Cultural Narratives, Mass Opinion, and Climate Change, (Tesis de Doctorado). Univ. de Oklahoma. http://works.bepress.com/mjones/6
Jones, M. D., (2013). Cultural Characters and Climate Change: How Heroes Shape our Perceptions of Climate Science. Social Science Quarterly, 95(1), 1–39.
Jones, M. D. (2014). Communicating Climate Change: Are Stories Better Than «Just the Facts»? Policy Studies Journal, 42(4), 644-673.
Jones, M.D. y Jenkins-Smith, H. (2009). Trans-subsystem Dynamics, Policy Topography, Mass Opinion, and Policy Change. Policy Studies Journal, 37(1), 37–58.
Jones, M. D., y McBeth, M. 2010. A Narrative Policy Framework: Clear Enough to Be Wrong? Policy Studies Journal, 38(2), 329–353.
Jones, M. D., McBeth, M. K. y Shanahan, E. (2014). Introducing the Narrative Policy Framework. The Science of Stories: Applications of the Narrative Policy Framework, Jones, M. D., Shanahan, E. A. y McBeth, M. K. (eds.). Palgrave.
Jones, M. D., y Song, G. (2014). Making Sense of Climate Change: How Story Frames Shape Cognition. Political Psychology, 35(4), 447-595. https://doi.org/10.1111/pops.12057
Kahan, D. (2012). Is Cultural Cognition a Bummer, Part 1. Cultural Cognition Project. 20 de enero. http://www.culturalcognition.net/blog/2012/1/20/is-culturalcognition-a-bummer-part-1.html
Kahan, D. M. y Braman, D. (2006). Cultural Cognition and Public Policy. Yale Law and Policy Review, 24, 147–170.
Kahan, D, M., Braman, D. Gastil, J., Slovic, P. y Mertz, C. K. (2007). Culture and Identity- Protective Cognition: Explaining the White-Male Effect in Risk Perception. Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, 4(3), 465–505.
Kahan, D. M., Jenkins-Smith, H. y Braman, D. (2010). Cultural Cognition of Scientific Consensus. Journal of Risk Research, 14, 1–28.
Kahneman, D. (2011). Thinking, Fast and Slow. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
Kingdon, J. W. (2003). Agendas, Alternatives, and Public Policies. 2da ed. Longman.
Kiser, L., y Ostrom, E. (1982). The Three Worlds of Action: A Metatheoretical Synthesis of Institutional Approaches. En Strategies of Political Inquiry, Ostrom, E. (ed.), 179–222. Sage.
Kunda, Z. (1990). The Case for Motivated Reasoning. Psychological Bulletin, 108(3), 480–498.
Kurzban, R. (2010). Why Everyone (Else) Is a Hypocrite: Evolution and the Modular Mind. Princeton University Press.
Kusko, E. (2013). Policy Narratives, Religious Politics, and the Salvadoran Civil War: The Implications of Narrative Framing on U.S. Foreign Policy in Central America, (Tesis de doctorado). Universidad Estatal de Idaho.
Lakoff, G. (2002). Moral Politics: How Liberals and Conservatives Think. University of Chicago Press.
Lasswell, Harold. [1936] 1990. Politics, Who Gets What, When, and How. Peter Smith Publishers. Lejano, R., Mrill, I., e Ingram, H. (2013). The Power of Narrative in Environmental Networks. MIT Press.
Lodge, M., y Taber, Ch. (2005). The Automaticity of Affect for Political Leaders, Groups, and Issues: An Experimental Test of the Hot Cognition Hypothesis. Political Psychology, 26(3), 455–482.
Lodge, M., y Taber, Ch. (2007). The Rationalizing Voter: Unconscious Thought in Political Information Processing. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1077972.
Lodge, M., y Taber, Ch. (2013). The Rationalizing Voter. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Longaker, J. (2013). The Role of Narrative in Constructing an Advocacy Coalition: The Case of Sao Paulo’s Non-discrimination Policy, (Tesis de doctorado). Universidad de Kansas.
Lybecker, D.L., McBeth, M. K. y Kusko, E. (2013). Trash or Treasure: Recycling Narratives and Reducing Political Polarization. Environmental Politics, 22(2), 312–332.
Matti, S. y Sandström. A. (2013). The Defining Elements of Advocacy Coalitions: Continuing the Search for Explanations for Coordination and Coalition Structures. Review of Policy Research, 30(2), 240–257.
May, P. J. y Jochim, A. (2013). Policy Regime Perspectives: Policies, Politics, and Governing. Policy Studies Journal, 41(3), 426–452.
McBeth, M. K., Clemons, R., Husmann, M., Kusko, E. y Gaarden, A. (2014). The Social Construction of a Crisis: Policy Narratives and Contemporary U.S. Obesity Policy. Risk, Hazards, and Crisis in Public Policy, 4,(3), 135–163.
McBeth, M. K., Lybecker, D. y Garner, K. (2010). The Story of Good Citizenship: Framing Public Policy in the Context of Duty-Based Versus Engaged Citizenship. Politics & Policy, 38(1), 1–23.
McBeth, M.K. y Shanahan. E. (2004). Public Opinion for Sale: The Role of Policy Marketers in Greater Yellowstone Policy Conflict. Policy Sciences, 37(3), 319–338.
McBeth, M. K., Shanahan, E., Anderson, M. y Rose, B. (2012). Policy Story or Gory Story? Narrative Policy Framework, YouTube, and Indirect Lobbying in Greater Yellowstone. Policy & Internet, 4(34), 159–183.
McBeth, M. K., Shanahan, E., Arnell, R. y Hathaway, P. (2007). The Intersection of Narrative Policy Analysis and Policy Change Theory. Policy Studies Journal, 35(1), 87–108.
McBeth, M. K., Shanahan, E. y Jones, M. (2005). The Science of Storytelling: Measuring Policy Beliefs in Greater Yellowstone. Society and Natural Resources, 18 (mayo/junio), 413–429.
McBeth, M. K., Jones, M. y Shanahan, E. (2014). The Narrative Policy Framework. En Theories of the Policy Process, Sabatier, P. A. y Christopher Weible, C. (eds.), 3ra. ed., 225-266. Westview Press.
McGinnis, M. D. (2011). Networks of Adjacent Action Situations in Polycentric Governance. Policy Studies Journal, 39(1), 51–78.
Miller, H. T. (2012). Governing Narratives: Symbolic Politics and Policy Change. University of Alabama Press.
Morris, J. P., Squires, N., Taber, Ch. y Lodge, M. (2003). Activation of Political Attitudes: A Psychophysiological Examination of the Hot Cognition Hypothesis. Political Psychology, 24(4), 727–745.
Morris, Sh. (2011). Plant Biotechnology in Ireland: Understanding the Factors That Shape Plant Biotechnology of Risk Management Policy in Ireland, (Tesis de doctorado). Universidad Nacional de Irlanda.
Ney, S. (2006). Messy Issues, Policy Conflict and the Differentiated Polity: Analysing Contemporary Policy Responses to Complex, Uncertain and Transversal Policy Problems, (Tesis de doctorado). Universidad de Bergen.
Ney, S., y Thompson, M. (2000). Cultural Discourses in the Global Climate Change Debate. Society, Behaviour, and Climate Change Mitigation, 8, 65–92.
Nohrstedt, D., y Weible, Ch. (2010). The Logic of Policy Change After Crisis: Proximity and Subsystem Interaction. Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy, 1(2), 1.
Nowlin, M. (2011). Theories of the Policy Process: State of the Research and Emerging Trends. Policy Studies Journal, 39(1), 41–60.
Olson, M. (1965). The Logic of Collective Action. Harvard University Press.
Ostrom, E. (1990). Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action. Cambridge University Press.
Ostrom, E. (2007). Institutional Rational Choice. En Theories of the Policy Process, Sabatier, P. A. (ed.), 2da ed., 21–64. Westview Press.
Ostrom, E. (2011). Background on the Institutional Analysis and Development Framework. Policy Studies Journal, 39(1), 7–27.
Parsons, W. (2000). When Dogs Don’t Bark: New Theories and Policy Process Discontinuities. Symposium: Theories of the Policy Process. Journal of European Public Policy, 7, 126–130.
Pierce, J., Saba Siddiki, M. D. J, Schumacher, K., Pattison, A. y Hollyeterson. (2014). Social Construction and Policy Design: A Review of Past Applications. Policy Studies Journal. https://doi.org/10.1111/psj.12040
Polkinghorne, D. (1988). Narrative Knowing and the Human Sciences. State University of New York Press.
Pralle, S. B. (2006). Branching Out, Digging In: Environmental Advocacy and Agenda Setting. Georgetown Press.
Redlawsk, D. P. (2002). Hot Cognition or Cool Consideration? Testing the Effects of Motivated Reasoning on Political Decision Making. Journal of Politics, 64(4), 1021–1044.
Riker, W. H. (1962). The Theory of Political Coalitions. Yale University Press.
Riker, W. H. (1986). The Art of Political Manipulation. Yale University Press.
Rittel, H. W. J. y Webber, M. M. (1973). Dilemmas in a general theory of planning. Policy Sciences, 4( 2), 155–169.
Rochefort, D. A., y Donnelly, K. (2013). Agenda Setting and Political Discourse: Major Analytical Frameworks and Their Applications. Routledge Handbook of Public Policy, Araral, E., Fritzen, S. y Howlett, M. (eds.), 189–203. Routledge.
Sabatier, P. A. (1988). An Advocacy Coalition Framework of Policy Change and the Role of Policy Learning Therein. Policy Sciences, 21, 129–168.
Sabatier, P. A. (1999a). Fostering the Development of Policy Theory. En Theories of the Policy Process, Sabatier, P. A. (ed.), 1ra ed., 261–276. Westview Press.
Sabatier, P. A., (1999b). Theories of the Policy Process. 1ra ed. Westview Press.
Sabatier, P. A. (2000). Clear Enough to Be Wrong. Journal of European Public Policy,
(1), 135–140.
Sabatier, P. A., (2007). Theories of the Policy Process. 2da ed. Westview Press.
Sabatier, P. A., Hunter, S. y McLaughlin, S. (1987). The Devil Shift: Perceptions and Misperceptions of Opponents. Western Political Quarterly, 41, 449–476.
Sabatier, P. A. y Jenkins-Smith, H. (1993). Policy Change and Learning: An Advocacy Coalition Approach. Westview Press.
Sabatier, P. A. y Jenkins-Smith, H. (1999). The Advocacy Coalition Framework: An Assessment. Theories of the Policy Process, Sabatier, P. A. (ed.), 1ra ed., 117–166. Westview Press.
Sabatier, P. A., y Schlager, E. (2000). Les aproches cognitives des politiques publiques: perspectives americaines. Revue Française de Science Politique, 50 (abril), 209–234.
Sabatier, P. A. y Weible, Ch. (2014). Theories of the Policy Process, 3ra ed. Westview Press.
Sabatier, P. A., y Weible, Ch. (2007). The Advocacy Coalition Framework: Innovations and Clarifications. Theories of the Policy Process. 2da ed., 189–220. Westview Press.
Schattschneider, E. E. (1960). The Semi-sovereign People. Holt, Rinehart, y Winston.
Schlager, E. (1999). A Comparison of Frameworks, Theories, and Models of Policy Processes. Theories of the Policy Process, Sabatier, P. A. (ed.), 1ra ed., 233–260. Westview Press.
Schlager, E. (2007). A Comparison of Frameworks, Theories, and Models of Policy Processes. En Theories of the Policy Process, Sabatier, P. A. (ed.), 2da ed., 293–320. Westview Press.
Schneider, A., e Ingram, H. (1997). Policy Design for Democracy. University Press of Kansas.
Shanahan, E. A., Adams, S., Jones, M. y McBeth, M. (2014). The Blame Game: Narrative Persuasiveness of the Intentional Causal Mechanism. En The Science of Stories: Applications of the Narrative Policy Framework in Public Policy Analysis, Jones, M. D., Shanahan, E. A. y McBeth, M. K. (eds.). Palgrave
Shanahan, E. A., Jones, M. y McBeth, M. K. (2011). Policy Narratives and Policy Processes. Policy Studies Journal, 39(3), 535–561.
Shanahan, E. A., Jones, M., McBeth, M. y Lane, R. (2013). An Angel on the Wind: How Heroic Policy Narratives Shape Policy Realities. Policy Studies Journal, 41(3), 453–483.
Shanahan, E. A., McBeth, M., Arnell, R. y Hathaway, P. (2008). Conduit or Contributor? The Role of Media in Policy Change Theory. Policy Sciences, 41(2),115–138.
Shanahan, E. A., McBeth, M. y Hathaway, P. (2011). Narrative Policy Framework: The Power of Policy Narratives in Influencing Public Opinion. Politics & Policy, 39(3), 373–400.
Siddiki, S., Basurto, X. y Weible, Ch. (2012). Using the Institutional Grammar Tool to Understand Regulatory Compliance: The Case of Colorado Aquaculture. Regulation and Governance, 6(2), 167–188.
Siddiki, S., Basurto, X., Weible, Ch. y Calanni, J. (2011). Dissecting Policy Designs: An Application of the Institutional Grammar Tool. Policy Studies Journal, 39(1), 79–103.
Simon, H. A. (1947). Administrative Behavior: A Study of Decision-Making Processes in Administrative Organization. 1ra ed. Macmillan.
Smith, K. B., y Larimer, Ch. (2013). The Public Policy Theory Primer. 2da ed. Westview Press.
Somers, M. R. (1992). Narrativity, Narrative Identity, and Social Action: Rethinking English Working-Class Formation. Social Science History, 16(4), 591–630.
Stone, D. (2002). Policy Paradox: The Art of Political Decision Making. W. W. Norton.
Stroud, N. (2008). Media Use and Political Predispositions: Revisiting the Concept of Selective Exposure. Political Behavior, 30, 341–366.
Taber, Ch. S. y Lodge, M. (2006). Motivated Skepticism in the Evaluation of Political Beliefs. American Journal of Political Science, 50(3), 755–769.
Theodoulou, S. Z. (2001). Theories of the Policy Process by Paul A. Sabatier. American Political Science Review, 95(4), 1007–1008.
True, J., Jones, B. y Baumgartner, F. (2007). Punctuated Equilibrium Theory: Explaining Stability and Change in Public Policy Making. Theories of the Policy Process, Sabatier, P. A. (ed.), 2da ed., 155–188. Westview Press.
Verweij, M., Douglas, M. Ellis, R., Engel, Ch., Hendriks, F., Lohmann, S., Ney, S., Rayner, S. y Thompson, M. (2006). Clumsy Solutions for a Complex World: The Case of Climate Change. Public Administration, 84(4), 817–843.
Von Bertalanffy, L. (1968). General System Theory: Essays on Its Foundation and Development. George Braziller.
Weible, Ch. M. (2005). Beliefs and Policy Influence: An Advocacy Coalition Approach to Policy Networks. Political Research Quarterly, 58(39), 461–477.
Weible, Ch. M. (2011). Political-Administrative Relations in Collaborative Environmental Management. International Journal of Public Administration, 34, 424–435.
Weible, Ch. M., Sabatier, P. y McQueen, K. (2009). Themes and Variations: Taking Stock of the Advocacy Coalition Framework. Policy Studies Journal, 37(1), 121–140.
Westen, D., Blagov, P., Harenski, K., Kilts, C. y Hamann, S. (2006). Neural Bases of Motivated Reasoning: An fMRI Study of Emotional Constraints on Partisan Judgment in the 2004 U.S. Presidential Election. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 18(1), 1947–1958.
Xiarchogiannopoulou, E. (2010). Discursive Institutionalism and Pension Reform in Greece 1990–2002: Appraising Europeanization from the 'Bottom-Up, (Tesis de doctorado). Universidad de Exeter.
Los Cuadernos del INAP y su contenido se brindan bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-No Comercial 2.5 Argentina. Es posible copiar, comunicar y distribuir públicamente su contenido siempre que se cite a los autores individuales y el nombre de esta publicación, así como la institución editorial. El contenido de los Cuadernos del INAP no puede utilizarse con fines comerciales.
